| ... | @@ -2,6 +2,14 @@ _Understand and use enhanced font intefaces of MiniGUI 4.0._ |
... | @@ -2,6 +2,14 @@ _Understand and use enhanced font intefaces of MiniGUI 4.0._ |
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Table of Contents
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Table of Contents
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- [Overview](#overview)
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- [Enhancements of Font Name](#enhancements-of-font-name)
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* [Devfont name](#devfont-name)
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* [Logfont name](#logfont-name)
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* [Font Styles](#font-styles)
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- [API Enhancements](#api-enhancements)
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- [Example](#example)
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## Overview
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## Overview
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In order to support complex or mixed scripts, we tuned and enhanced
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In order to support complex or mixed scripts, we tuned and enhanced
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| ... | @@ -9,10 +17,10 @@ MiniGUI's font interfaces in version 4.0.0. |
... | @@ -9,10 +17,10 @@ MiniGUI's font interfaces in version 4.0.0. |
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Before we continue, we need to clarify a few terms and concepts:
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Before we continue, we need to clarify a few terms and concepts:
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- `devfont`: The device font object. It is the underlying object
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- `devfont`: a device font object. It is the underlying object
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containing the glyphs of all or some characters in specific
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containing the glyphs of all or some characters in specific
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language or script.
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language or script.
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- `logfont`: A logical font object; it is the real object used by
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- `logfont`: a logical font object. It is the real object used by
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MiniGUI app to render paragraphs, words, or characters.
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MiniGUI app to render paragraphs, words, or characters.
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Generally, a MiniGUI app creates one or more logfonts by specifying
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Generally, a MiniGUI app creates one or more logfonts by specifying
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| ... | @@ -31,14 +39,14 @@ For example, when we want to show a text like below: |
... | @@ -31,14 +39,14 @@ For example, when we want to show a text like below: |
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```
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```
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“对暴徒仁慈就是对良民的残忍”
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“对暴徒仁慈就是对良民的残忍”
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-- Vincent Wei
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-- Anonym
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```
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```
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It is well known that, a font is often designed for a particular
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It is well known that, a font is often designed for a particular
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language/script or a few similar languages/scripts.
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language/script or a few similar languages/scripts.
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So MiniGUI may retrieve the glyphs for the characters in the first line
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So MiniGUI may retrieve the glyphs for the characters in the first line
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(they are all in Chinese) in a font file named `宋体.ttf`, while in another
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(they are all in Chinese) in a font file named `宋体.ttf`, while in another
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font file named `Arial.ttf` for characters in the second line (they
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font file named `Arial.ttf` for the characters in the second line (they
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are all in English).
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are all in English).
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Therefore, a logfont object actually corresponds to a collection of
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Therefore, a logfont object actually corresponds to a collection of
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| ... | @@ -53,105 +61,164 @@ However, when we want to handle a text in the complex and mixed scripts |
... | @@ -53,105 +61,164 @@ However, when we want to handle a text in the complex and mixed scripts |
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like Arabic and Indic, the old logfont/devfont facility will not work.
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like Arabic and Indic, the old logfont/devfont facility will not work.
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Therefore, we tuned and enhanced the font interfaces in version 4.0.0.
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Therefore, we tuned and enhanced the font interfaces in version 4.0.0.
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But don't worry, the tuned or enhanced interfaces kept the backward
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compatibility.
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### Changes of Font Name
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## Enhancements of Font Name
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You know that we often use a string to specify a devfont or logfont:
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### Devfont name
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You know that we often use a string to specify the family name,
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style, size, and charsets of a devfont object:
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```
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ttf-Arial-rrncnn-0-0-ISO8859-1,UTF-8
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```
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The styles of LOGFONT changed.
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It means that the devfont is a TrueType vector font, the family name
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of the devfont is `Arial`, the style is represented by a string `rrncnn`,
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the size can be any value (e vector font can be arbitrarily scaled to
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meet different size requirements.), and the charsets/encodings of the
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devfont are `ISO8859-1` and `UTF-8`.
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* Add new rendering style:
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Since 4.0.0, you can specify the aliases for the family name of a devfont:
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1. `FS_RENDER_ANY`: Not specified.
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1. `FS_RENDER_MONO`:
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1. `FS_RENDER_GREY`:
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1. `FS_RENDER_SUBPIXEL`:
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* Some old styles are deprecated:
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1. `FS_WEIGHT_BOOK`; use `FS_RENDER_GREY` instead.
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1. `FS_WEIGHT_SUBPIXEL`; use `FS_RENDER_SUBPIXEL` instead.
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* Introduced or redefined the weight styles to follow OpenType specification:
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_ANY`: Not specified.
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_THIN`: Thin.
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_EXTRA_LIGHT`: Extra light (Ultra Light).
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_LIGHT`: Light.
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_REGULAR`: Regular (Normal).
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_MEDIUM`: Medium.
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_DEMIBOLD`: Demi Bold (Semi Bold)
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_BOLD`: Bold.
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_EXTRA_BOLD`: Extra Bold (Ultra Bold).
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_BLACK`: Black (Heavy).
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* Introduce the new decoration styles and replace
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`FONT_UNDERLINE_LINE` and `FONT_STRUCKOUT_LINE` with them:
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1. `FONT_DECORATE_ANY`: Not specified.
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1. `FONT_DECORATE_NONE`: None.
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1. `FONT_DECORATE_UNDERLINE`: glyphs are underscored.
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1. `FONT_DECORATE_STRUCKOUT`: glyphs are overstruck.
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1. `FONT_DECORATE_US`: Both `FONT_DECORATE_UNDERLINE`
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and `FONT_DECORATE_STRUCKOUT`.
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1. `FONT_DECORATE_OUTLINE`: Outline (hollow) glyphs.
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1. `FONT_DECORATE_REVERSE`: Reserved for future. Glyphs have their
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foreground and background reversed.
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* The following style are deprecated:
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1. `FONT_OTHER_LCDPORTRAIT`
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1. `FONT_OTHER_LCDPORTRAITKERN`
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For a new app, you should use the new function `CreateLogFontEx` to
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```
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create a LOGFONT, and specify the weight and rendering method of the glyph.
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<fonttype>-<family[,aliase]*>-<styles>-<width>-<height>-<charset[,charset]*>
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```
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For the back-compatibility, you can still use `CreateLogFont` to create a new
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For example:
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LOGFONT. However, `FS_WEIGHT_BOOK` will be treated `FS_WEIGHT_REGULAR` and
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`FS_RENDER_GREY`, while `FS_WEIGHT_SUBPIXEL` will be treated
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`FS_WEIGHT_REGULAR` and `FS_RENDER_SUBPIXEL`.
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You can still use `CreateLogFontByName` to create a new LOGFONT.
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ttf-Arial,Sans Serif-rrncnn-0-0-ISO8859-1,UTF-8
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But the style string in the font name changed from
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ttf-courier,monospace,serif-rrncnn-0-0-ISO8859-1,UTF-8
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<weight><slant><flipping><other><underline><struckout>
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Note that the length of one devfont name can not exceed 255 bytes.
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### Logfont name
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When we create a logfont object, we generally call `CreateLogFontByName`
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function. The logfont name uses the similar format as devfont name:
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```
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<fonttype>-<family-name[,family-nameN]*>-<styles>-<width|orientation>-<height>-charset
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```
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Since version 4.0.0, you can specify up to 7 family names for a
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logfont name, for example:
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```
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ttf-Courier,宋体,Naskh,SansSerif-rrncns-U-16-UTF-8
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```
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In this way, you can specify a logfont to use multiple devfonts
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to render a complex text.
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Moreover, the previous width field of a logfont name is used for
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the glyph orientation:
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- `U`: Glyphs stand upright (default).
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- `S`: Glyphs are rotated 90 degrees clockwise (sideways).
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- `D`: Glyphs are upside-down.
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- `L`: Glyphs are rotated 90 degrees counter-clockwise (sideways left).
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### Font Styles
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As you seen in above font names, we use a style string (six ASCII characters)
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to define the style of a font in font name.
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In version 4.0.0, we tuned the meaning of each character in the style string.
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The format of the style string changed from
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```
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<weight><slant><flipping><other><underline><struckout>
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```
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to
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to
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<weight><slant><flipping><other><decoration><rendering>
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```
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<weight><slant><flipping><other><decoration><rendering>
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```
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Note that `<underline>` and `<struckout>` are merged to `<decoration>`
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The differences are as follow:
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in order to keep the style string is still 6-character long.
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Consequently, if you want to use the rendering method SUPIXEL for a TTF font,
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- The new `<rendering>` style added.
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please define the logical font name in the following way:
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- `<underline>` and `<struckout>` are merged to `<decoration>`
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in order to keep the style string is still 6-character long.
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- For `<weight>`, we redefined the weight styles follow OpenType specification.
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ttf-Courier-rrncns-*-16-UTF-8
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The following words describe the detailed information about the changes of style:
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Moreover, the family name of a DEVFONT supports aliases since 4.0.0:
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- Introduced new rendering style:
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1. `FS_RENDER_MONO`: represented by ASCII character `n`.
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1. `FS_RENDER_GREY`: represented by ASCII character `g`.
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1. `FS_RENDER_SUBPIXEL`: represented by ASCII character `s`.
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* The following old styles are deprecated:
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1. `FS_WEIGHT_BOOK`; use `FS_RENDER_GREY` instead.
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1. `FS_WEIGHT_SUBPIXEL`; use `FS_RENDER_SUBPIXEL` instead.
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* Introduced New weight style:
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_THIN`: Thin; represented by ASCII character `t`.
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_EXTRA_LIGHT`: Extra light (Ultra Light); represented by ASCII character `e`.
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_LIGHT`: Light; represented by ASCII character `l`.
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_NORMAL`: Normal; represented by ASCII character `n`.
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_REGULAR`: Regular; represented by ASCII character `r`.
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_MEDIUM`: Medium; represented by ASCII character `m`.
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_DEMIBOLD`: Demi Bold (Semi Bold); represented by ASCII character `d`.
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_BOLD`: Bold; represented by ASCII character `b`.
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_EXTRA_BOLD`: Extra Bold (Ultra Bold); represented by ASCII character `x`.
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1. `FONT_WEIGHT_BLACK`: Black (Heavy); represented by ASCII character `c`.
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* Introduce the new decoration styles and replace `FONT_UNDERLINE_LINE` and `FONT_STRUCKOUT_LINE` with them:
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1. `FONT_DECORATE_NONE`: without any decoration; represented by ASCII character `n`.
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1. `FONT_DECORATE_UNDERLINE`: glyphs are underscored represented by ASCII character `u`.
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1. `FONT_DECORATE_STRUCKOUT`: glyphs are overstruck represented by ASCII character `s`.
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1. `FONT_DECORATE_US`: Both `FONT_DECORATE_UNDERLINE` and `FONT_DECORATE_STRUCKOUT`; represented by ASCII character `U`.
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1. `FONT_DECORATE_REVERSE`: Glyphs have their foreground and background reversed (`r`); Reserved for future.
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1. `FONT_DECORATE_OUTLINE`: Outline (hollow) glyphs (`o`); Reserved for future.
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* The following style are deprecated:
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1. `FONT_OTHER_LCDPORTRAIT`
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1. `FONT_OTHER_LCDPORTRAITKERN`
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<fonttype>-<family[,aliase]*>-<styles>-<width>-<height>-<charset[,charset]*>
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As an example, if you want to use the rendering method SUPIXEL for a TTF font,
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please define the logfont name in the following way:
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for example:
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```
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ttf-Courier-rrncns-*-16-UTF-8
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```
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ttf-Arial,Sans Serif-rrncnn-8-16-ISO8859-1,UTF-8
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## API Enhancements
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ttf-courier,monospace,serif-rrncnn-8-16-ISO8859-1,UTF-8
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Note that the length of one DEVFONT name can not exceed 255 bytes.
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For a new app, you should use the new function `CreateLogFontEx` to
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create a LOGFONT, and specify the weight and rendering method of the glyph:
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Since version 4.0.0, you can specify up to 7 family names for a logfont name,
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```
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such as:
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m_btnFont = CreateLogFontEx ("ttf", "helvetica", "UTF-8",
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FONT_WEIGHT_REGULAR,
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FONT_SLANT_ROMAN,
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FONT_FLIP_NONE,
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FONT_OTHER_NONE,
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FONT_DECORATE_NONE, FONT_RENDER_SUBPIXEL,
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SETTING_OK_BTN_TEXT_H, 0);
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```
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ttf-Courier,宋体,Naskh,SansSerif-rrncns-U-16-UTF-8
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For the backward compatibility, you can still use `CreateLogFont` to create a new
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LOGFONT. However, `FS_WEIGHT_BOOK` will be treated `FS_WEIGHT_REGULAR` and
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`FS_RENDER_GREY`, while `FS_WEIGHT_SUBPIXEL` will be treated
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`FS_WEIGHT_REGULAR` and `FS_RENDER_SUBPIXEL`.
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In this way, you can specify a logfont to use multiple devfonts
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You can still use `CreateLogFontByName` to create a new LOGFONT. But you should
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to render a complex text. This is useful when different glyphs are
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make sure to define the new logfont name in new format.
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contained in different font files. It is well known that, a font is
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often designed for a particular language/script or a few similar
|
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languages/scripts.
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|
|
|
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Since 4.0.0, the previous width field of a logfont name is used for
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We also introduce the following new functions in version 4.0.0:
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the glyph orientation:
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- 'U': Glyphs stand upright (default).
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- `CreateLogFontIndirectEx`: to create a new logfont object by using the properties
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- 'S': Glyphs are rotated 90 degrees clockwise (sideways).
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of an existing logfont object, but with a new rotation argument. This function is
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- 'D': Glyphs are upside-down.
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a supplementary of `CreateLogFontIndirect`.
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- 'L': Glyphs are rotated 90 degrees counter-clockwise (sideways left).
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- `LoadDevFontFromIncoreData`: to load a devfont from a file. This function is
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a supplementary of `LoadDevFontFromFile`.
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## Key Points
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## Example
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For complete usage example of new font API, you can refer to:
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<https://github.com/VincentWei/mg-tests/blob/master/4.0/createlogfontex.c>
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... |
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